作者:邹余粮 吕淑兰 曹缵孙 陈晓燕 毛文军 邱曙东
【关键词】 生殖激素,
关键词: 瘦素;外周血;卵泡液;生殖激素
摘 要:目的 观察促排卵周期中瘦素的变化,探讨瘦素与卵泡刺激素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)、泌乳素(PRL)、雌二醇(E2 )、孕酮(P)、睾酮(T)之间的关系. 方法 采集21个促排卵周期不同阶段的外周血,直径大于14mm卵泡的卵泡液;以正常月经周期为对照组,采集排卵前外周血.用ELISA法测定其瘦素水平,RIA法测定其生殖激素水平. 结果 促排卵周期中穿卵前外周血瘦素水平极显著高于应用GnRH-a卵巢功能被最大抑制时的瘦素水平(P&<0.01).促排卵周期穿卵前外周血瘦素水平高于正常月经周期排卵前瘦素水平(P&<0.05).卵泡液瘦素与同步外周血瘦素呈正相关(r=0.947,P&<0.05).促排卵周期中卵泡液瘦素与卵泡液LH呈负相关(r=-0.604,P&<0.05).卵泡液瘦素与卵泡液T呈正相关(r=0.634,P&<0.05).外周血瘦素与外周血FSH,LH,PRL,E2 ,P无相关性(P&>0.05).外周血瘦素与外周血T呈正相关(r=0.789,P&<0.05). 结论 卵巢中瘦素来源于外周血;瘦素与生殖激素之间存在相互影响,可能参与生殖功能的调节.
Keywords:letpin;follicular fluid;peripheral blood;repro-ductive hormones
Abstract:AIM To observe the change of leptin in the con-trolled Hyperstimulation and to study the correlation between the leptin levels and other reproductive hormones,FSH,LH,PRL,E2 ,P and T.METHODS We collected peripher-al blood samples in different periods of21cycles of the con-trolled hyperstimulation and the follicular fluid from follicle with diameter&>14mm.Normal menstrual cycle was taken as a control group and circulation blood was collected in the pe-riod near ovulation.The leptin was detected by means of ELISA.Other reproductive hormones were detected by RIA.RESULTS The blood leptin level of the patients under cycle of the controlled hyperstimulation treatment before their fol-licular puncture was obviously higher than that when the function of their ovaries was restricted to the greatest degree by using GnRH-a to the patients(P&<0.01).The blood lep-tin level of the patients under cycle of the controlled hyper-stimulation treatment before their follicular puncture was higher than that in the normal menstrual cycle(P&<0.05).There was a positive correlation between leptin concentration and peripheral blood(r=0.947,P&<0.05)and a negative correlation between leptin and LH in follicular fluid of the controlled hyperstimulation cycle(r=-0.604,P&<0.05)and a positive correlation between leptin and T(r=0.634,P&<0.05).No correlation was found between leptin and FSH,LH,E2 ,P except T in the peripheral blood of cycle of the controlled hyperstimulation.Leptin was positively related to T(r=0.789,P&<0.05).CONCLUSION Leptin comes from peripheral blood.It turns out that leptin and reproduc-tive hormones affect each other in the body.Leptin takes a role in the regulation of reproductive function.
0 引言
瘦素是由脂肪细胞分泌的含167个氨基酸的蛋白质,Mr 为16000[1] ,瘦素除具有调节摄食,增加能量消耗及减轻体质量之作用外,还参与生殖调节.对雌鼠的实验研究发现,瘦素参与青春期的启动,其浓度异常也可能是排卵障碍的原因之一[2] .在人的正常月经周期中,瘦素水平与月经周期的进展呈显著正相关[3] ,提示瘦素与生殖之间存在一定联系.我们测定促排卵周期外周血及卵泡液瘦素、生殖激素水平,讨论瘦素在生殖生理中的作用.
1 对象和方法
1.1 对象 选择1998-12/1999-06在本院进行试管婴儿治疗的不孕患者18例(其中3例进行2周期治疗),共21个促排卵周期为研究对象,年龄24~46岁,体质量45.3~68.5kg,体质量指数BMI均&<25.21个促排卵周期均采用GnRH-a/FSH-HP/HCG长方案治疗.分别于应用GnRH-a降调节治疗,卵巢功能被最大抑制时;促排卵治疗的9d;穿刺卵泡前30min抽取外周血10mL,分离血清,保存待测.在B超指引下穿刺并抽吸直径&>14mm的卵泡,留取卵泡液,以3000r・min-1 离心沉淀,取上清液保存待测.选择9例正常月经周期妇女作对照.年龄23~38岁,体质量46.0~62.5kg,体质量指数BMI均&<25,经B超监测,LH试纸测定,于排卵前24h内抽取外周血6mL,分离血清,保存待测.
1.2 方法 应用ELISA法测定21个促排卵周期外周血及卵泡液中瘦素水平,测定9例正常月经周期排卵前外周血瘦素水平;用RIA法测定21个促排卵周期外周血及卵泡液中卵泡刺激素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)、泌乳素(PRL)、雌二醇(E2 )、孕酮(P)、睾酮(T)水平.
统计学处理:数据以x ±s表示,应用SPSS for windows8.0软件处理.
2 结果
应用GnRH-a降调节治疗,卵巢功能被最大抑制时,外周血瘦素水平为(6.3±0.3)μg・L-1 ;促排卵第9日外周血瘦素水平为(9.5±0.5)μg・L-1 .穿卵前外周血瘦素水平为(13.6±0.8)μg・L-1 ,9例正常月经周期排卵前瘦素水平为(8.8±0.4)μg・L-1 .穿卵前外周血瘦素水平显著高于促排卵9d瘦素水平(P&<0.05),促排卵9d外周血瘦素水平显著高于卵巢功能被最大抑制时瘦素水平(P&<0.05),穿卵前外周瘦素水平极显著高于卵巢功能被最大抑制时瘦素水平(P&<0.01).促排卵周期穿卵前瘦素水平显著高于正常月经周期排卵前瘦素水平(P&<0.05).21个促排卵周期卵泡液瘦素水平为(13.4±0.4)μg・L-1 ,与穿卵前外周血瘦素水平无显著性差异(P&>0.05),且二者呈正相关(r=0.947,P&<0.05).21个促排卵周期中外周血瘦素与外周血FSH,LH,PRL,E2 ,P以及卵泡液瘦素与卵泡液FSH和PRL之间均无相关性(P&>0.05);与外周血T呈正相关(r=0.789,P&<0.05);卵泡液瘦素与卵泡液LH呈负相关(r=-0.604,P&<0.05),与卵泡液T呈正相关(r=0.624,P&<0.05);外周血T与卵泡液 T呈正相关(r=0.786,P&<0.05).
3 讨论
瘦素是联系营养状况,能量储备与生殖系统之间的“代谢闸门”[4] ,通过作用于广泛分布在中枢神经系统及外周性腺组织中的受体对女性生殖系统起一定的调节作用,Mantzoros[5] 认为瘦素不仅向大脑发出储备足够能量、分泌促黄体(生成)激素-释放激素(LHRH)及下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴活动所需的信号,还直接影响甾体激素的生成.本研究中促排卵周期穿卵前瘦素水平高于促排卵9d,促排卵9d高于卵巢功能被最大抑制时及促排卵组高于正常月经组,均说明瘦素随卵巢功能的提高而上升,其原因可能是随着促排卵药物的应用,卵巢中卵泡发育数目增多,体积增大,合成甾体激素功能增强,致使体内E2 水平随促排卵药物的应用逐渐增高所致,亦可能是促排卵过程中应用了大量的高纯FSH所致.Ogura等[2] 的研究表明血瘦素浓度随体质量和E2 浓度增加而增加,瘦素和促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH)刺激后细胞内外LH和FSH产生均呈相关性增加,这一基础研究支持本文的观点.我们研究结果中卵泡液瘦素与外周血瘦素水平无差异,两者之间呈正相关,说明卵泡液中的瘦素可能来源于外周血,其原因是卵巢中无分泌瘦素的脂肪细胞,卵巢颗粒细胞、卵泡膜细胞和间质细胞无ob基因表达,仅存在瘦素受体[6] ,说明这些细胞只接受瘦素的调节,不具有分泌瘦素的功能.
瘦素与卵巢功能之间存在相互影响,瘦素通过影响生殖激素的分泌参予生殖功能调节,低水平瘦素是正常妇女辅助生育治疗成功后的指标[14] ,但瘦素与卵泡发育、成熟及卵细胞质量之间的关系,卵泡液瘦素水平对人类生育的预后作用是否独立于其他因素等问题尚需进一步研究.
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