作者:杨连君,王文亮,司晓辉
【关键词】 基因
关键词 :基因,bcl-2;癌,肝细胞;转染;基因表达
摘 要:目的 为了探讨抗凋亡基因bcl-2在肝细胞癌(简称肝癌)细胞凋亡过程中的调节功能及其作用机制,建立稳定表达Bcl-2蛋白的肝癌细胞株. 方法 提取含有人bcl-2基因的逆转录病毒真核表达载体pDOR-SB质粒,用限制性内切酶EcoRⅠ(酶切后经琼脂糖凝胶电泳鉴定.用脂质体介导的基因转染法分别将pDOR-SB和pDOR质粒导入不表达Bcl-2蛋白的人肝癌细胞系HCC-9204细胞中,通过G-418筛选获得转入目的基因的阳性细胞克隆.免疫细胞化学法检测Bcl-2蛋白的表达情况.经多次用有限稀释法连续克隆化直至获得100%稳定表达Bcl-2蛋白的肝癌细胞株. 结果 琼脂糖凝胶电泳可见1.9kb的bcl-2基因片断.免疫细胞化学检测表明转染了pDOR-SB的HCC-9204细胞大部分有Bcl-2蛋白的表达,而转染了pDOR空载体或未转染的HCC-9204细胞均未见Bcl-2蛋白表达.经过连续3次克隆化后转染pDOR-SB的HCC-9204细胞100%表达Bcl-2蛋白. 结论 成功地获得了稳定表达Bcl-2蛋白的肝癌细胞株,命名为HCC-bcl2.
Keywords:genes,bcl-2;carcinoma,hepatocellular;transfec-tion;gene expression
Abstract:AIM A hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)cell strain which can express Bcl-2protein stably was established to elucidate the regulating function and mechanism of anti-apoptosis gene bcl-2in the apoptotic process of HCC.METHODS The retrovirus eukaryotic expression vector pDOR-SB containing human bcl-2gene was extracted and identified by agarose gel electrophoresis after being cut with restricted endonuclease EcoRⅠ.The pDOR-SB and empty vector pDOR were introduced into a human HCC cell line HCC-9204cells,which do not express Bcl-2protein,by lipo-some-mediated gene transfection method.The cell clones into which pDOR-SB or pDOR had been introduced were obtained with G-418selection.The expression of Bcl-2protein was detected using immunocytochemical method.The pDOR-SB-tranfected cells were cloned several times continually by lim-ited dilution method until an HCC cell strain that can express Bcl-2protein at a100%positive rate was obtained.RE-SULTS Agarose gel electrophoresis demonstrated a1.9-kb bcl-2gene fragment after pDOR-SB being cut with EcoRⅠ.The immunocytochemical detection indicated that Bcl-2pro-tein was expressed in most of the pDOR-SB-transfected cells,but there was no Bcl-2protein signal in the pDOR-transfect-ed or non-transfected HCC-9204cells.The pDOR-SB-trans-fected HCC-9204cells expressed Bcl-2protein at a100%pos-itive rate after being cloned for3times continually.CON-CLUSION HCC cell strain that can express Bcl-2protein stably has been established successfully,and it is named as HCC-bcl2.
0 引言
Bcl-2是最早在B细胞淋巴瘤中发现的一个抗凋亡基因.许多研究表明,bcl-2能够抑制多种因素诱导的多种细胞的凋亡[1] .虽然Bcl-2在许多肿瘤中呈异常的高表达,但是原发性肝细胞癌(以下简称肝癌)只能低表达或不表达Bcl-2[2-6] .目前关于bcl-2基因与肝癌细胞凋亡关系的报道较少,对于bcl-2基因在肝癌细胞凋亡过程中是否具有调节作用尚不明确.我们用基因转染技术把bcl-2基因转入不表达Bcl-2蛋白的肝癌细胞系HCC-9204细胞中,建立稳定表达Bcl-2蛋白的肝癌细胞株,为进一步进行bcl-2基因在肝癌细胞凋亡过程中作用的研究奠定基础.
1 材料和方法
1.1 材料
插有正向bcl-2cDNA(1.9kb)的pDOR-SB逆转录病毒真核表达载体为本校生物化学教研室朱峰博士惠赠.大肠杆菌菌株HB101为本校生物化学教研室惠宏襄博士惠赠.人肝癌细胞系HCC-9204为本室建立,用含100mL・L-1 新生牛血清的RPMI1640培养液在50mL・L-1 CO2 条件下培养.Wizard Plus质粒提取试剂盒、限制性内切酶EcoRⅠ和T4DNA连接酶购自美国Promega公司.DNA片段回收和纯化试剂盒为美国Clontech公司产品.LipofectAMINE转染试剂盒和G-418为美国Gibco公司产品.鼠抗人Bcl-2单克隆抗体(mAb)为美国Oncogene公司产品.免疫组化ABC试剂盒为美国Vector公司产品. 1.2 方法
1.2.1 pDOR-SB载体的鉴定及pDOR空载体的获得
提取pDOR-SB质粒,经EcoRⅠ酶切后,8g・L-1 琼脂糖凝胶电泳鉴定.回收并纯化6.5kb的基因片断,经T4DNA连接酶连接后转化大肠杆菌HB101.
1.2.2 基因转染和细胞克隆筛选
用脂质体载体LipofectAMINE将pDOR-SB质粒转染HCC-9204细胞,同时设pDOR空载体转染对照和不转染的HCC-9204细胞对照.3d后换用含G-418(500mg・L-1 )的RPMI1640培养液(含100mL・L-1 新生牛血清)继续培养,约2~3wk后未转染的HCC-9204细胞对照完全死亡,转染的细胞大多数死亡时,收集G-418抗性的细胞克隆,扩大培养.
1.2.3 免疫细胞化学染色
生长于盖玻片上的细胞用950mL・L-1 乙醇固定15min.分别经3mL・L-1 h3 O2 和3mL・L-1 Triton X-100处理后,加正常羊血清,37℃,30min.加鼠抗人Bcl-2mAb,37℃,1h.加生物素化的羊抗鼠IgG mAb,37℃,30min.加ABC复合物,37℃,30min.上述各步之间均以PBS振洗.用新鲜配制的DAB显色10min.用苏木精稍微衬染.脱水,透明,封片.
1.2.4 转染细胞的有限稀释法克隆化
用胰蛋白酶消化并用培养液吹散转染细胞的G-418抗性克隆.准确计数细胞后,系列稀释至每毫升含10个细胞.加入到96孔培养板,100μL・孔 -1 .5d后观察并计数单克隆细胞孔,并取单克隆孔细胞爬片后进行Bcl- 2mAb的免疫细胞化学染色.连续进行多次克隆化,直至所有的单克隆孔都为Bcl-2染色阳性.
2 结果
2.1 pDOR┐SB真核表达载体的鉴定
pDOR-SB质粒经EcoRⅠ酶切后,琼脂糖凝胶电泳显示除了8.4kb(部分未切开的pDOR-SB)条带以外,出现了6.5kb(切开的pDOR空载体)和1.9kb(切开的bcl-2cDNA)的两条基因片段(Fig1).
2.2 细胞的G┐418筛选 细胞转染后,经G-418持续筛选,未转染的细胞在含G-418的培养液中1wk内全部离壁死亡,2wk时转染组的大部分细胞死亡,并可见散在生长的G-418抗性细胞克隆.免疫细胞化学染色显示,在绝大部分转染pDOR-SB的细胞的胞质中可见棕色阳性信号,而转染pDOR空载体和未转染的HCC-9204细胞未见阳性染色.
2.3 转染细胞的有限稀释法克隆化
经3次连续克隆化后免疫细胞化学检测显示,100%单克隆孔细胞为Bcl-2阳性(Fig2).把反复证明为Bcl-2阳性的单克隆孔细胞扩大培养并冻存,命名为HCC-bcl-2.
3 讨论
Bcl-2蛋白定位于线粒体膜、内质网膜和核膜孔周围,能够抑制造血细胞生长因子撤销、加热、X射线、化疗药物、癌基因c-myc或抑癌基因p53等多种因素所致的细胞凋亡[1] .以往研究表明,bcl-2及其基因家族其它成员在不同的肿瘤细胞凋亡中的作用有差异,说明还有其它因素参与bcl-2对细胞凋亡的调节过程[7-9] .多数报道认为,把bcl-2基因转染入靶细胞之后,能够抑制其凋亡的发生.但是,也有报道认为,有的情况下bcl-2可能并不参与细胞凋亡过程,导入bcl-2基因不能阻滞细胞凋亡[10] .对于有些肿瘤,Bcl-2蛋白的表达状况与肿瘤的预后也不一定相关[11] .这种情况的发生机制目前还不清楚.肝癌是一种常见的恶性肿瘤[12,13] .许多研究结果表明,肝癌组织只能低度表达Bcl-2蛋白,其阳性率往往低于癌旁肝组织[4-6,14] .最近有作者报道bcl-2能够抑制抗Fas mAb介导的肝癌细胞凋亡[15,16] .目前关于bcl-2基因对其它因素诱导的肝癌细胞凋亡是否具有调节功能及其作用机制尚无定论.HCC-9204是一株对许多凋亡诱导因素敏感的肝癌细胞系,而且多次免疫细胞化学检测表明HCC-9204细胞不表达Bcl-2蛋白[17] .我们选用此细胞系进行转染bcl-2基因以建立稳定表达Bcl-2蛋白的肝癌细胞模型.
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