【关键词】 非小细胞肺癌
【Abstract】 AIM: To study the effects of neoadjuvant therapy before operation and adjuvant chemotherapy after operation in cases of nonsmall cell lung cancer in ⅢA stage. METHODS: 62 cases of nonsmall cell lung cancer in ⅢA stage were pided into two groups at random: group A (32 cases) and group B (30 cases). Group A was given neoadjuvant therapy before operation and group B was given adjuvant chemotherapy after operation. RESULTS: The mean living time of group A was 29 months and that of group B was 27 months. The oneyear survival rate, twoyear survival rate and threeyear survival rate of group A were 81.2%(26/32),46.8%(15/32) and 37.5%(12/32)respectively. The oneyear survival rate, twoyear survival rate and threeyear survival rate of group B were 83.3%(25/30),46.6%(14/30) and 33.3%(10/30)respectively. The parameters between group A and group B had no significant difference (P&>0.05). CONCLUSION: Neoadjuvant therapy is not significantly related to the oneyear, twoyear or threeyear survival rate after operation.
【Keywords】 nonsmall cell lung cancer; chemotherapy; sugery; survival rate
【摘要】 目的: 通过病例对比,研究手术前新辅助化疗及手术后化疗对改善ⅢA期非小细胞肺癌患者生存率的影响. 方法: ⅢA期非小细胞细胞肺癌患者62例A组(32例)术前给予新辅助化疗,B组(30例)术后行辅助化疗. 结果: 中位生存时间A组29 mo,B组27 mo. A组1 a生存率81.2%(26/32),2 a生存率46.8%(15/32),3 a生存率37.5%(12/32);B组分别为83.3 %(25/30),46.6%(14/30)和33.3%(10/30). A、B组相应指标比较, 均无显著性差异(P&>0.05). 结论: 术前新辅助化疗并不能改善ⅢA期非小细胞肺癌患者术后1, 2和3 a生存率.
【关键词】 非小细胞肺癌;化疗;手术;生存率
0引言
小细胞细胞肺癌(nonsmall cell lung cancer, NSCLC)患者术前及术后化放疗是否提高生存率无可靠证据[1-3]. 我们现就ⅢA期NSCLC患者术前及术进行新辅助化疗对生存率的影响进行临床研究观察.
1对象和方法
1.1对象199803/200110唐都医院住院手术ⅢA期(UICC非小细胞细胞肺癌分期标准,1997)NSCLC患者62(男59,女3)例. 分为术前给予新辅助化疗(A组)32(男30,女2)例,年龄41~69(平均58)岁,病理组织学分型为腺癌21例,鳞癌9例,鳞腺癌1例,大细胞癌1例,Kps功能状态评分60~90(平均80);术后行辅助化疗(B组)30(男29,女1)例,年龄43~70(平均55)岁,病理组织学分型为腺癌18例,鳞癌8例,鳞腺癌3例,大细胞癌1例,Kps功能状态评分60~90(平均80). 全部患者骨髓造血功能基本正常,无严重伴发病,预计生存期大于3 mo.
1.2方法A组术前给予2~3周期新辅助化疗,联合化疗方案采用丝裂霉素+长春新碱+顺铂(MVP)、异环鳞酰胺+长春新碱+顺铂(IVP)、长春瑞滨+顺铂(NP)或泰索帝+顺铂(DP);术式为肺叶切除+肺门及纵隔淋巴结清除术26例,袖式切除+淋巴结清除术4例,一侧全肺切除2例;术后3~4 wk开始化疗,方案同术前方案,每隔4 wk重复,共进行4~6个周期. B组确诊后立即进行手术治疗,术式为肺叶切除+肺门及纵隔淋巴结清除术27例,袖式切除+淋巴结清除术2例,一侧全肺切除1例;术后3~4 wk开始化疗,方案同A组,每隔4 wk重复,共进行4~6个周期. 上述病例随访观察12~50(平均36)mo. 观察指标包括中位生存时间、1, 2和3 a生存率. 随访期内死亡人数已经过半,个别无法随访的按死亡计数.
2结果
A组32例病例共化疗198个周期. 血液学毒性白细胞减少Ⅲ级毒性28人次,Ⅳ级毒性8人次,最重1例白细胞总数0.2×109・L-1,持续4 d,应用集落刺激因子治疗后,恢复正常,未出现化疗相关死亡,血小板下降Ⅲ级毒性2人次,非血液学毒性以恶心、呕吐为主,未出现心肝肾等损害. B组30例共化疗166个周期. 血液学毒性白细胞减少Ⅲ级毒性33人次,Ⅳ级毒性12人次,血小板下降Ⅳ级毒性2人次. A组术后治疗中或治疗后出现转移病灶的情况依次为:浅部或深部淋巴结转移22例,骨转移8例,脑转移4例,肝转移4例,肺内转移6例,生存时间超过48 mo的4例. B组术后治疗中或治疗后出现转移病灶的情况依次为:浅部或深部淋巴结转移24例,骨转移9例,脑转移5例,肝转移4例,肺内转移8例,生存时间超过48 mo的4例. A组中位生存时间29 mo,1 a生存率81.2%(26/32),2 a生存率46.8%(15/32)和3 a生存率37.5%(12/32);B组分别为27 mo,83.3%(25/30),46.6%(14/32)和33.3%(10/32).
通过病例对比,研究手术前新辅助化疗及手术后化疗对改善ⅢA期非小细胞肺癌患者生存率的影响,结果表明术前新辅助化疗并不能改善ⅢA期非小细胞肺癌患者术后1, 2及3 a生存率. 新辅助化疗具有以下特点:① 可以早期消灭远处转移;② 由于药物通过无损伤的血管,使药物分布好;③ 具有早期化疗的优点;④ 提高手术切除率;⑤ 改进局部肿瘤控制. 以多西紫杉醇联合顺铂或健择为代表的临床试验[4-8]证实ⅢA期 NSCLC患者采用新辅助化疗的有效率为68%~82%,术后完全切除率达69%~79%,部分病例可以获得病理组织学的完全缓解,中位生存期为1 a以上. 围手术期术前化疗可能影响术后生存率,但我们研究的病例中位生存时间,1,2,和3 a生存率均高于文献报道的单纯手术或单纯化疗的相应指标. 且从术后治疗中或治疗后出现转移病灶情况看,在对转移病灶控制方面,术前新辅助化疗组优于术后行辅助化疗组. 因此,我们认为术前新辅助化疗对于ⅢA期 NSCLC的治疗及有效控制转移,尤其是控制术后的转移,有待于进一步的研究观察.
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